Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Typically, peptides contain less than 50 amino acids. Anything larger is considered a protein. However, there is no definitive molecular weight cut-off.
Peptides play many important roles in the human body. For example:
- Some peptides act as hormones or neurotransmitters to regulate physiological processes
- Others show antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral activities to protect the body
- Certain peptides transport metals, inhibit enzymes or have antioxidant effects
There are natural and synthetic peptides. Natural peptides occur in the body and food. For instance, insulin is a peptide hormone made of 51 amino acids. Dietary proteins get broken down into peptides during digestion.
Meanwhile, synthetic peptides are artificially created in labs. The most common use of synthetic peptides is in
skin care and anti-aging treatments:
What is the future of peptide research? Experts predict growth in utilizing peptides for medical treatments. As per Global Market Insights, Inc:
"The global peptide therapeutics market is projected to exceed $50 billion by 2028"
In summary, peptides are short chains of amino acids that serve many crucial functions. Both natural and synthetic peptides demonstrate therapeutic potential - from wound healing and stimulating collagen to treating cancer. Continued research aims to further unlock the power of peptides to battle disease.